Red Bell Pepper

Red Bell Pepper

The Vitamin C King

Vegetables

Capsicum annuum

Origin: Mexico & Central America

#vitamin-c#anti-inflammatory#carotenoids#immune#colorful

✔ Source of protein✔ Fat-free✔ Low sugar✔ Low sodium

What is this ingredient?

Red bell pepper is a fully ripe pepper (green pepper is the same fruit, but unripe). Due to the longer ripening time, red pepper contains significantly more nutrients and is sweeter.

Expert Tip: Color determines everything. Green = unripe, Yellow/Orange = half-ripe, Red = fully ripe. The darker red, the more vitamin C, beta-carotene and antioxidants. Red pepper contains up to 11x more beta-carotene than green pepper.

How does it taste?

Pronouncedly sweet and juicy with a rich, almost fruity flavor.

Pairs well with:

Pairs well with fetaolivesgarlicbasil and balsamic vinegar.

Did you know...?
  • A red bell pepper is a fully ripe green pepper and contains 11x more beta-carotene.
  • It takes 2-3 weeks longer to grow a red pepper than a green one, hence the higher price.

Nutritional Value & Energy

Per 100g

Red Bell Pepper is low in calories thanks to natural nutrients , buffered by fiber.

31 kcal (130 kJ)
2.1g Fiber

1gProtein
6gCarbs
0.3gFat
4.2gSugar
4mgSodium

Per 100g

Minerals

0.4mg Iron 7mg Calcium 0.3mg Zinc 12mg Magnesium 211mg Potassium 1mcg Iodine 0.3mcg Selenium

Vitamins

157mcg Vitamin A 0.30mg Vitamin B6 0.0mcg Vitamin B12 128mg Vitamin C 1.6mg Vitamin E 46mcg Folate

Omega-3 fatty acids

0mg DHA 0mg EPA
More nutrients

B-Vitamins

0.05mg Thiamin (B1) 0.08mg Riboflavin (B2) 1.0mg Niacin (B3) 0.17mg Pantothenic Acid (B5) 1.6mcg Biotin (B7)

Trace Minerals

0.04mg Copper 0.13mg Manganese 25mg Phosphorus

What's in a serving?

1 serving

Iron a small amount 3%
Magnesium a small amount 3%
Potassium a little 11%
Vitamin A good 20%

Red Bell Pepper naturally contains vitamin a (157 mcg per 100 g).

Vitamin C very much 160%

Red Bell Pepper naturally contains vitamin c (128 mg per 100 g).

Vitamin E a little 13%
Zinc a small amount 3%
Folate good 23%

Red Bell Pepper naturally contains folate (46 mcg per 100 g).

% of daily reference intake (DRI)

EU-approved nutrition claims
✔ EFSA claims via nutrients

This ingredient contains nutrients for which EFSA-authorized health claims exist (at nutrient level, not ingredient-specific).

Approved health claims (EU)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to the normal function of the immune system

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of skin

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to normal blood formation

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A contributes to the normal function of the immune system

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal skin

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal vision

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A contributes to normal iron metabolism

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Vitamin_a EU 432/2012

Vitamin A has a role in the process of cell specialisation

Contains 157mcg/100g (threshold: ≥120mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to normal amino acid synthesis

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to normal psychological function

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to the normal function of the immune system

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate has a role in the process of cell division

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Folate EU 432/2012

Folate contributes to maternal tissue growth during pregnancy

Contains 46mcg/100g (threshold: ≥30mcg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of blood vessels

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of cartilage

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of gums

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of teeth

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to normal psychological function

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to the regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin E

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C increases iron absorption

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Vitamin_c EU 432/2012

Vitamin C contributes to maintain the normal function of the immune system during and after intense physical exercise

Contains 128mg/100g (threshold: ≥12mg/100g)

Comparison

vssinaasappel

Red Bell Pepper contains about 2× more vitamin C per 100g than orange.

What's being researched?
Other

Vitamin C density and bioavailability

Red bell pepper contains one of the highest vitamin C concentrations of all vegetables. Research confirms excellent bioavailability and its role as an antioxidant in protecting against oxidative stress.

Supported by: [1] Carr (2017) , [2] Fiedor (2014)

Other

Capsanthin and skin research

Capsanthin, the red pigment in red bell pepper, is being studied for potential skin-protective properties. Preliminary research is promising, but clinical confirmation is still lacking.

Supported by: [1] Carr (2017) , [2] Fiedor (2014)

Good Combinations (Synergy)

Combine red bell pepper smartly to enhance the effect:

Complementary
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Halloumi Cheese Halloumi Cheese

Calcium + vitamin C for optimal bone metabolism

Technical: Halloumi contains 700mg calcium per 100g — more than most cheeses. Calcium contributes to the maintenance of normal bones (EFSA). Vitamin C from red bell pepper (128mg/100g) is essential as cofactor for prolyl hydroxylase, the enzyme that builds collagen in bone matrix. Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones (EFSA).

What does this mean for you? Serve grilled halloumi with red bell pepper in a salad or wrap. The vitamin C from pepper supports collagen formation and the calcium from halloumi contributes to your bones — a scientifically supported combination.

Absorption
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Turkey Mince Turkey Mince

Vitamin C enhances iron absorption from turkey meat

Technical: Turkey mince contains heme iron (approx. 1.4mg/100g) absorbed at 15-35%, plus non-heme iron that is poorly absorbed. Vitamin C from bell pepper (128mg/100g red pepper) reduces non-heme iron from Fe³⁺ to the bioavailable Fe²⁺ form and stimulates ferroportin expression. Additionally, turkey provides B6 (0.5mg/100g) supporting hemoglobin synthesis — giving the iron a direct destination.

What does this mean for you? Cook turkey mince with bell pepper for an iron-rich meal. The vitamin C from pepper maximizes iron absorption, while B6 from turkey directly deploys the iron for oxygen transport.

Absorption 6×
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Chickpeas Chickpeas

Vitamin C increases iron absorption from chickpeas

Technical: Chickpeas (base of hummus) contain 2.9mg non-heme iron per 100g with high phytate concentration. Red bell pepper provides 128mg vitamin C per 100g — the highest of all vegetables. This reduces Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ and completely overcomes phytate inhibition. The combination increases iron absorption by factor 4-6.

What does this mean for you? Dip red bell pepper strips in hummus — this isn't just a popular snack but also nutritionally optimal. The pepper provides the vitamin C needed to absorb iron from the chickpeas. Yellow pepper also works well (183mg vitamin C).

Absorption 4×
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Mung Beans Mung Beans

Vitamin C from bell pepper increases iron absorption from mung beans up to 4x

Vitamin C increases non-heme iron absorption and overcomes phytate inhibition (PMID: 2507689)

Technical: Mung beans contain 1.4mg iron per 100g cooked, but also phytic acid that blocks mineral absorption. Red bell pepper contains 128mg vitamin C per 100g (213% RDI!) which reduces Fe³⁺ to the more absorbable Fe²⁺. Additionally, vitamin C forms chelates that bypass phytate binding. Studies show 3-4x higher iron absorption.

What does this mean for you? Always add colored bell pepper to dishes with mung beans — think stir-fries, salads or curries. That extra pepper makes the difference between 'I eat healthy' and 'my body actually absorbs those nutrients'.

Activation
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Bone Broth Bone Broth

Vitamin C activates collagen synthesis

Technical: Bone broth contains hydrolyzed collagen (type I and III), but human collagen synthesis requires prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase — enzymes needing vitamin C as cofactor. Red pepper provides 127mg vitamin C per 100g (211% RDI), fully activating collagen synthesis.

What does this mean for you? Drink bone broth with pieces of red pepper alongside. Without vitamin C your body cannot convert broth collagen into your own collagen. Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation (EFSA-approved).

Synergy
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Eggs Eggs

Lutein + zeaxanthin from two sources with fat enhancement

Technical: Red pepper contains 1624μg lutein + zeaxanthin per 100g, eggs provide 353μg per yolk. Both carotenoids accumulate in the eye's macula and filter blue light. Egg yolk increases bioavailability of pepper's carotenoids by providing fats and phospholipids.

What does this mean for you? Make an omelet with red pepper for maximum lutein dose. The yolk not only contains its own lutein but also makes pepper's lutein more absorbable through its fats. Two sources, one fat matrix.

Absorption
Red Bell Pepper Red Bell Pepper Olive Oil Olive Oil

Fat improves carotenoid absorption

Technical: Red pepper contains 3131μg beta-carotene per 100g — significantly more than green (208μg). Carotenoids are absorbed via passive transport with mixed micelles. Oleic acid (73% of olive oil) forms these micelles and increases beta-carotene absorption up to 5x (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition).

What does this mean for you? Roasted pepper with olive oil isn't just tasty but increases beta-carotene absorption up to 5x. Your body can barely absorb it without fat.

Recipes with Red Bell Pepper

Discover delicious recipes featuring red bell pepper:

Asian Sesame-Soba Noodle Salad with Edamame 25 min Cold noodle salad with sesame dressing and edamame 751 kcal 31g protein 1 synergies Bami Goreng with Shrimp and Bean Sprouts 30 min Indonesian stir-fry with crispy vegetables and sweet soy sauce 630 kcal 34g protein 2 synergies Egg Courgette Feta Muffins with Herbs 30 min Savoury low-carb muffins with grated courgette, crumbled feta and oregano 460 kcal 28g protein 2 synergies Egg Muffins with Spinach and Bell Pepper 30 min Savory mini omelets from the oven with vegetables 328 kcal 25g protein 1 synergies Shrimp Pad Thai with Rice Noodles 30 min Thai wok classic with tamarind, peanuts and lime 720 kcal 36g protein 2 synergies Gazpacho Andaluz 15 min Cold Andalusian tomato soup with bell pepper, cucumber and basil 170 kcal 3g protein 2 synergies
In the Kitchen

Storage

Location:Refrigerator

Shelf life:1-2 weken (koelkast), 10-12 maanden (ingevroren)

Store unwashed in crisper drawer. Cut pepper in airtight container max 3 days.

Preparation

Raw for maximum vitamin C, roasted for sweeter flavor. Combine with oil for carotenoid absorption.

Conversions

160g= 1 piece

Substitutes

paprika 1:1 Less sweet

Smart preparation

1Always pat dry roasted red pepper from a jar before use.

2Red bell pepper is sweeter than green; ideal for sauces and soups.

3Roast at the highest oven setting and peel under a damp tea towel.

Caution / Warnings

Red Bell Pepper is very safe, but there are scientific considerations:

Nightshade Sensitivity Moderate

Pepper belongs to the nightshade family (along with tomato, potato, eggplant)

Advice:

Some people with autoimmune diseases or joint problems react to nightshades. Watch your reaction

Traditional use

Indigenous

Central American cultivated crop

Red bell peppers, a ripe variant of green peppers, were cultivated by indigenous peoples in the Americas for thousands of years and spread to Europe after 1492.

Summary

Forget oranges for vitamin C - red bell pepper contains almost 3x more. It's also the best food source of beta-carotene after carrots. The key is the color: always choose the darkest possible red peppers. Green peppers are the same fruit but unripe, with much fewer nutrients. Combine with a fat source (olive oil) for maximum absorption of carotenoids.

Scientific Sources [1] Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017) Vitamin C and Immune Function Nutrients Vitamin C and Immune Function Review PMID: 29099763 [2] Fiedor, J., & Burda, K. (2014) Carotenoids and Human Health Nutrients Carotenoids and Human Health Review PMID: 24473231

This information is intended for educational purposes and does not replace medical advice. Consult a doctor or dietitian for personal advice.